Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Brazilian jiu-jitsu is deeply tied to the Gracie family, but they did not develop this style of fighting in a vacuum. Jiu-jitsu evolved due to the unique historical conditions in Brazil within the first half of the twentieth century.

The history of jiu-jitsu in Brazil is commonly said to date back to the 1910s when the Gracie family first began training with Japanese martial artists. The family would go on to modify what they learned to suit their body types and fighting styles, thus giving the world Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

When one thinks of martial arts like jiu-jitsu, the idealized fighter is usually going to be someone in their 20s, perhaps their early 30s. You don’t normally think of someone in their 60s, their 70s, or their 80s. In fact, even among influential people within the jiu-jitsu community, the idea of people continuing to roll into their sunset years is absurd.

In part four of this four-part series based on Rener Gracie’s interview with Lewis Howes on the School of Greatness Podcast, we will dive into some of the specifics of The 32 Principles, a book co-written by Rener Gracie and the focus of much of Rener’s interview on the podcast.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu has become one of the most highly regarded martial arts systems in the world. A lot of this notoriety is due to its founding family, the Gracies. Developed primarily by brothers Carlos and Hélio Gracie, the two demonstrated the efficacy of jiu-jitsu in vale tudo or no-holds-barred matches in the early and middle of the twentieth century. It didn’t matter if their opponent was larger than them, stronger than them, or faster than them. Proper technique, patience, and energy conservation were enough to defeat even the most formidable adversary.

In part two of this four-part series based on Rener Gracie’s interview with Lewis Howes on the School of Greatness Podcast, we look into the reasons why jiu-jitsu has become so popular recently. Anyone who is familiar with jiu-jitsu or knows someone who has recently gotten into jiu-jitsu will recognize that new students tend to immerse themselves and to maybe even become a little obsessed with the martial art. As Rener explains, this is because jiu-jitsu changes the way that you approach the world.

Rener Gracie recently sat down with Lewis Howes of the School of Greatness. Lewis is a best-selling author and former Olympian who has long considered himself to be an exceptional athlete. Though Lewis is not trained in martial arts or any combat sport, he is a strong person. He is a large person. If an assailant were to size him up, they would likely concede that coming after him would not be worth the trouble.

There are hundreds of different martial arts from around the world. In general, they fall into one of two groups. Some focus on strikes like punching and kicking. Examples include boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, and karate. Others focus on grappling, which includes throws, trips, sweeps, ground fighting, clinch fighting, and submission holds. Examples include judo, sambo, and of course jiu-jitsu. True, jiu-jitsu was originally conceived of as a complete system that includes both striking and grappling, but it has largely evolved away from striking, and most jiu-jitsu schools now concentrate their attention on grappling. This is especially true in schools that train fighters to compete in jiu-jitsu tournaments.

As the founders of Brazilian jiu-jitsu, the Gracie family casts a long shadow over the martial art. They not only created a unique style of jiu-jitsu; members of the Gracie family were also some of the most important innovators with respect to the evolution of jiu-jitsu. They also served as the most important ambassadors of jiu-jitsu, leading to its popularization in Brazil during the 1940s and 1950s. The dominance of Royce Gracie during the first few Ultimate Fighting Championships in the early 1990s catapulted jiu-jitsu from a somewhat niche discipline into the global spotlight. It has only grown in popularity since then.

It’s impossible to talk about the evolution of jiu-jitsu without discussing the Gracie family. Carlos Gracie, the eldest brother of the family, is typically credited with being the primary force behind the development of the martial art after adapting the judo of Mitsuyo Maeda, a martial arts master who rose to prominence in Brazil in the early 20th century.

The popularity of mixed martial arts (MMA) has been growing at an exponential rate since being introduced to an international audience with the first Ultimate Fighting Championships of the early 1990s. MMA fighters are now some of the most well respected and famous athletes in the world, while major MMA fights are given tremendous media attention. Given the fact that there are an estimated 300 million MMA fans worldwide, it’s little wonder why.

Everyone who has done jiu-jitsu for a few years or sometimes just a few months has come across a person who has a natural talent for it. After the instructor teaches a new technique, they seem to execute the move perfectly and to immediately understand how it fits with other techniques. When asked how they picked it up so quickly, they can’t tell you. They just have an innate talent for jiu-jitsu.

Ryan Young of Kama Jiu-Jitsu recently interviewed Randy McElwee of Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Athens and American Black Belt Academy. Randy opened the academy in 2005 following his retirement from the United States Army. His 23 years of service had taken him all over the world, including to war zones in Afghanistan, but eventually landed him at the University of Georgia, where he taught at the Military Science Department. He decided to remain in the college town and open a gym that began as an indirect affiliate of the Pedro Sauer Association, then became an indirect affiliate of Gracie University, and then an affiliate of Pedro Sauer Association again in 2016.

Sports are a great escape from everyday life, and they bring excitement to the lives of everyone involved. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a tussling fighting sport that focuses on locking joints and chokeholds (Tarver & Levy, 2023). It was developed in the early 20th century and applies the principles of knowledge in the human anatomy, angles, leverage, pressure, and timing to ensure that an opponent submits without using violence (Hinz et al., 2021; Bartoli, 2024). BJJ is believed to have its roots in Kodokan judo, which was introduced by Mitsuyo Maeda (who was a Judo master) in 1914, and the Gracie family from Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), mainly Carlos and Helio are associated with it (Spartacus, 2024). Throughout the years, BJJ has evolved from being a type of self-defense to introducing a new dimension of close-quarter combat. BJJ has grown in popularity worldwide because it is highly effective in mixed martial arts (MMA) and self-defense. The sport has many participants and several stars, which has helped it rise in popularity (for example, Gordon Ryan) (Quiggins, 2023).

Jiu-jitsu is not a single discipline. As Ryan Young of Kama Jiu-Jitsu explains in the below video, just because something is called jiu-jitsu doesn’t mean we’re talking about the same thing. It’s not that one is right, and that one is wrong; there are just different styles, and each gym or organization will have its own method of teaching it. Even different affiliates of the Gracies are different.